Evaluating Gender Disparity in Mining Employment and Social Cohesion: Pathways to Community Development in Shamva District, Zimbabwe

Abstract

This study evaluates the relationship between gender disparity in mining employment, social cohesion, and community development in Shamva District, Zimbabwe. Despite the economic benefits generated by foreign direct investment in the gold mining sector, women continue to face systemic barriers such as cultural stereotypes, limited access to training, and workplace discrimination. Using a qualitative case study design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with community members, mining employees, and local leaders, selected via purposive sampling. Thematic analysis was employed to identify recurring patterns and perspectives. Findings reveal that gender inequality in mining employment restricts women’s economic participation, exacerbates household poverty, and undermines community well-being. Disparities in access to jobs and decision-making roles weaken trust, cooperation, and solidarity, thereby eroding social cohesion. While foreign direct investment has stimulated local economic activity, it has not adequately addressed entrenched gender barriers. The study concludes that inclusive employment policies, gender-sensitive training programs, and community engagement initiatives are essential for promoting equitable opportunities. By linking gender equality to sustainable development and social cohesion, the research provides actionable insights for policymakers, mining firms, and development practitioners seeking to foster inclusive growth in resource-dependent regions.